Behaviorists Suggest Maladaptive Behavior Can Be a Result of
Behaviorism
Definition
Behaviorism is a learning theory that only focuses on considerately observable behaviors and discounts whatsoever independent activities of the mind. Behavior theorists define learning as nothing more than the acquisition of new beliefs based on environmental conditions.
Discussion
Experiments by behaviorists place conditioning as a universal learning process. There are two dissimilar types of conditioning, each yielding a different behavioral design:
- Classic conditioning occurs when a natural reflex responds to a stimulus. Nosotros are biologically "wired" and so that a certain stimulus will produce a specific response. Ane of the more common examples of classical conditioning in the educational environment is in situations where students showroom irrational fears and anxieties similar fear of failure, fear of public speaking and general school phobia.
- Behavioral or operant conditioning occurs when a response to a stimulus is reinforced. Basically, operant workout is a simple feedback system: If a advantage or reinforcement follows the response to a stimulus, and so the response becomes more probable in the time to come. For example, leading behaviorist B.F. Skinner used reinforcement techniques to teach pigeons to dance and bowl a ball in a mini-alley.
There have been many criticisms of behaviorism, including the following:
- Behaviorism does not business relationship for all kinds of learning, since it disregards the activities of the mind.
- Behaviorism does not explain some learning–such equally the recognition of new linguistic communication patterns by young children–for which there is no reinforcement mechanism.
- Research has shown that animals adapt their reinforced patterns to new information. For case, a rat can shift its behavior to respond to changes in the layout of a maze it had previously mastered through reinforcements.
How Behaviorism Impacts Learning
This theory is relatively simple to empathize because it relies merely on observable behavior and describes several universal laws of behavior. Its positive and negative reinforcement techniques tin can be very effective– such as in treatments for man disorders including autism, anxiety disorders and antisocial beliefs. Behaviorism is often used past teachers who advantage or punish student behaviors.
Behaviorism is often seen in contrast to constructivism. Constructivists are more probable to allow for experimentation and exploration in the classroom and place a greater emphasis on the experience of the learner. In dissimilarity to behaviorists, they feel that an agreement of the brain informs teaching.
Reading
D.C. Phillips & Jonas F. Soltis, Perspectives on Learning, Chapter iii. Teachers College Press.
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Source: https://www.funderstanding.com/theory/behaviorism/
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